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沃伦·巴菲特:伯克希尔 2011 年致股东信·补录 1
沃伦·巴菲特《伯克希尔·哈撒韦 2011 年致股东信》· 2011 Chairman's Letter · 投资 · 财富
Starting in 1979, accounting rules required insurance companies to value the equity securities they hold at market rather than at the lower of cost or market, which was previously the requirement. In this table, Berkshire’s results through 1978 have been restated to conform to the changed rules. In all other respects, the results are calculated using the numbers originally reported. The S&P 500 numbers are pre-tax whereas the Berkshire numbers are after- tax. If a corporation such as Berkshire were simply to have owned the S&P 500 and accrued the appropriate taxes, its results would have lagged the S&P 500 in years when that index showed a positive return, but would have exceeded the S&P 500 in years when the index showed a negative return.
出处:
https://www.berkshirehathaway.com/letters/2011ltr.pdf
定位:2011 Chairman's Letter, additional excerpt 1 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录
白话
1979年起会计规则变了:保险公司持有的股票必须按市价记账,以前是按成本与市价孰低。所以表里1978年以前的数据按新规重算过,其他年份仍用原报表数字。另外,标普500的收益是税前,伯克希尔是税后。如果伯克希尔只是持有标普500并缴税,那么在指数上涨的年份它会落后,在指数下跌的年份反而会领先——因为税会吃掉一部分涨幅,也缓冲一部分跌幅。巴菲特提醒读者:比较业绩时要注意口径一致,别拿税前比税后。对普通人的启示:看任何收益数据,先问清楚是税前还是税后、费用扣没扣。
上下文
2011年致股东信开头的业绩表说明,巴菲特解释数据口径变化对比较结果的影响。
今日一问
你比较投资回报时,是否注意过税前税后、费用前后的差别?
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