投资 · 西方古典
弗雷德里克·巴斯夏:经济诡辩·摘录 137
弗雷德里克·巴斯夏《经济诡辩》· Economic Sophisms · 投资
Once more, when products such as coal, iron, corn, or textile fabrics, are sent us from abroad, and we can acquire them with less labour than if we made them ourselves, the difference is a free gift conferred upon us. The gift is more or less considerable in proportion as the difference is more or less great. It amounts to a quarter, a half, or three-quarters of the value of the product, when the foreigner only asks us for three-fourths, a half, or a quarter of the price we should otherwise pay. It is as perfect and complete as it can be, when the donor (like the sun in furnishing us with light) asks us for nothing. The question, and we ask it formally, is this, Do you desire for our country the benefit of gratuitous consumption, or the pretended advantages of onerous production? Make your choice, but be logical; for as long as you exclude as you do, coal, iron, com, foreign fabrics, in proportion as their price approximates to zero, what inconsistency would it be to admit the light of the sun, the price of which is already at _zero_ during the entire day!
出处:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/44145
定位:Excerpt 137 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录
白话
如果外国能以比我们自己生产更少的劳动,把煤、铁、谷物或纺织品送到我们手上,这个差额就是白送我们的礼物。差额越大,礼物越丰厚;如果外国人只收我们原本要付价格的四分之三、一半或四分之一,礼物就相当于产品价值的四分之一、一半或四分之三。如果对方分文不取,就像太阳免费给我们光一样,礼物就完美无缺。问题在于:你是想要免费消费的好处,还是想要昂贵生产的假优势?选择可以,但要合乎逻辑:既然你排斥煤、铁、谷物和外国织物,只因为它们的价格趋近于零,那么你凭什么接受阳光呢?阳光的价格一整天都是零啊!
上下文
巴斯夏是19世纪法国经济学家,《经济诡辩》以讽刺笔法批判保护主义。这段话针对当时主张限制进口、以保护本国生产的论调。
今日一问
今天你愿意为“保护本地生产”多付多少钱,又是否愿意对免费的自然馈赠也设一道关税?
公版作品;原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg,仅摘录段落并附全书链接。
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