投资 · 西方古典
弗雷德里克·巴斯夏：经济诡辩·摘录 182
弗雷德里克·巴斯夏《经济诡辩》· Economic Sophisms · 投资
On a greater scale, this is exactly what takes place in the case of a nation which isolates itself by adopting a prohibitive _régime_. It multiplies its branches of industry, I grant, but they become of diminished importance; it adopts, so to speak, a more complicated _industrial rotation_, but it is not so prolific, because its capital and labour have now to struggle with natural difficulties. A greater proportion of its circulating capital, which forms the wages fund, must be converted into fixed capital. What remains may have more varied employment, but the total mass is not increased. It is like distributing the water of a pond among a multitude of shallow reservoirs--it covers more ground, and presents a greater surface to the rays of the sun, and it is precisely for this reason that it is all the sooner absorbed, evaporated, and lost.
出处：
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/44145
定位：Excerpt 182 · 核对日期：2026-10-19 · 核验：短摘录
白话
放大到一个国家，如果采取闭关锁国的政策，也会出现同样的情况。它确实增加了产业分支，但每个分支规模变小；产业轮作更复杂，但产出并不更高，因为资本和劳动要对抗自然劣势。更多流动资本（工资基金）被迫转为固定资本。剩下的资本可能用途更多样，但总量没有增加。就像把池塘的水分到许多浅坑里，覆盖面大了，蒸发也更快。核心是：保护主义会降低资本效率。做法是：开放贸易，让资本流向最有优势的领域。
上下文
巴斯夏将农夫的寓言推广到国家层面，批判保护主义政策。
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你所在的团队或国家，是否也在用“多样化”名义分散资源，却降低了整体效率？
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