投资 · 西方古典
弗雷德里克·巴斯夏:经济诡辩·摘录 55
弗雷德里克·巴斯夏《经济诡辩》· Economic Sophisms · 投资
I. To level and equalize the conditions of labour is not simply to cramp exchanges in certain branches of trade, it is to attack exchange in its principle, for its principle rests upon that very diversity, upon those very inequalities of fertility, aptitude, climate, and temperature, which you desire to efface. If Guienne sends wine to Brittany, and if Brittany sends corn to Guienne, it arises from their being placed under different conditions of production. Is there a different law for international exchanges? To urge against international exchanges that inequality of conditions which gives rise to them, and explains them, is to argue against their very existence. If protectionists had on their side sufficient logic and power, they would reduce men, like snails, to a state of absolute isolation. Moreover, there is not one of their sophisms which, when submitted to the test of rigorous deductions, does not obviously tend to destruction and annihilation.
出处:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/44145
定位:Excerpt 55 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录
白话
巴斯夏说,强行拉平劳动条件,不只是限制某些行业的交换,而是攻击交换的根本原则。交换之所以发生,正因为各地条件不同:吉耶讷产酒,布列塔尼产粮,气候、土壤、技能不一样,才互相买卖。国际交换同理。用“条件不平等”反对国际交换,等于反对交换本身。如果保护主义者逻辑彻底且有权,会把人人变成蜗牛般孤立。他们的诡辩经不起严格推演,最终导向毁灭。做法是:看到差异先想它是否正是合作的理由,而不是急着抹平。
上下文
巴斯夏以法国地区间葡萄酒与粮食贸易为例,说明国际交换与国内交换同理。
今日一问
你身边有没有把“条件不同”当成拒绝合作理由的情况?差异是否恰恰是合作的基础?
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