2026年10月29日周四

Of the former kind, are in England, the tax upon hawkers and pedlars, that upon hackney-coaches and chairs, and that which the keepers of ale-houses pay for a licence to retail ale and spiritous liquors. During the late war, another tax of the same kind was proposed upon shops. The war having been undertaken, it was said, in defence of the trade of the country, the merchants, who were to profit by it, ought to contribute towards the support of it.

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Book V, Chapter II, paragraph 1973

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顏淵、季路侍。子曰：「盍各言爾志？」子路曰：「願車馬衣裘，與朋友共，敝之而無憾。」顏淵曰：「願無伐善，無施勞。」子路曰：「願聞子之志。」子曰：「老者安之，朋友信之，少者懷之。」

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公冶長第五·五之二六

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御史曰：「犀銚利鉏，五穀之利而間草之害也。明理正法，奸邪之所惡而良民之福也。故曲木惡直繩，奸邪惡正法。是以聖人審於是非，察於治亂，故設明法，陳嚴刑，防非矯邪，若隱括輔檠之正弧刺也。故水者火之備，法者止奸之禁也。無法勢，雖賢人不能以為治；無甲兵，雖孫、吳不能以制敵。是以孔子倡以仁義而民從風，伯夷遁首陽而民不可化。」

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卷10·申韓第五十六·第5则

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淳于髡曰：「先名實者，為人也；後名實者，自為也。夫子在三卿之中，名實未加於上下而去之，仁者固如此乎？」 孟子曰：「居下位，不以賢事不肖者，伯夷也。五就湯、五就桀者，伊尹也。不惡污君，不辭小官者，柳下惠也。三子者不同道，其趨一也。一者何也？曰仁也。君子亦仁而已矣，何必同？」 曰：「魯繆公之時，公儀子為政，子柳、子思為臣，魯之削也滋甚。若是乎賢者之無益於國也！」 曰：「虞不用百里奚而亡，秦繆公用之而霸。不用賢則亡，削何可得與？」 曰：「昔者，王豹處於淇，而河西善謳。綿駒處於高唐，而齊右善歌。華周、杞梁之妻，善哭其夫，而變國俗。有諸內，必形諸外。為其事而無其功者，髡未嘗睹之也。是故無賢者也；有則髡必識之。」 曰：「孔子為魯司寇，不用，從而祭，燔肉不至，不稅冕而行。不知者以為為肉也；其知者以為為無禮也。乃孔子則欲以微罪行，不欲為茍去。君子之所為，眾人固不識也。」

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告子下·6

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My first promotion was my being chosen, in 1736, clerk of the General Assembly. The choice was made that year without opposition; but the year following, when I was again propos'd (the choice, like that of the members, being annual), a new member made a long speech against me, in order to favour some other candidate. I was, however, chosen, which was the more agreeable to me, as, besides the pay for the immediate service as clerk, the place gave me a better opportunity of keeping up an interest among the members, which secur'd to me the business of printing the votes, laws, paper money, and other occasional jobbs for the public, that, on the whole, were very profitable.

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Excerpt 48

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