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安德鲁·卡内基:安德鲁·卡内基自传·补录 392

安德鲁·卡内基《安德鲁·卡内基自传》· Autobiography of Andrew Carnegie · 领导

So it was, but it was not by direct attack, but by a flank movement. Had I not allowed the union officers to sign, they would have had a grievance and an excuse for war. As it was, having allowed them to do so, how could they refuse so simple a request as mine, that each free and independent American citizen should also sign for himself. My recollection is that as a matter of fact the officers of the union never signed, but they may have done so. Why should they, if every man's signature was required? Besides this, the workmen, knowing that the union could do nothing for them when the scale was adopted, neglected to pay dues and the union was deserted. We never heard of it again. [That was in 1889, now twenty-seven years ago. The scale has never been changed. The men would not change it if they could; it works for their benefit, as I told them it would.]

出处: https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/17976
定位:Additional excerpt 392 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录

白话

卡内基承认,他并不是正面攻击工会,而是从侧翼迂回。如果当时拒绝工会官员签字,他们就有理由不满,甚至找到开战的借口;反过来,既然已经允许他们签,他们又怎么能拒绝他那个简单请求——让每个自由独立的美国工人也自己签呢?他回忆说,实际上工会官员可能根本没签,但既然要求人人签字,官员签不签已不重要。更关键的是,工人知道协议一旦采用,工会帮不上什么忙,便不再交会费,工会随之涣散,此后二十七年工资标准再没变过,工人也从中受益。

上下文

卡内基自传中续述1889年工资协议签订后的实际效果,以及工会逐渐瓦解的过程。

今日一问

你设计一个制度时,是否考虑过它会不会让某个中间组织失去存在的理由?

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