事业 · 创业者自述
布克·T·华盛顿：力争上游·摘录 131
布克·T·华盛顿《力争上游》· Up from Slavery · 领导
During the days of slavery it was a custom quite generally observed throughout all the Southern states to give the coloured people a week of holiday at Christmas, or to allow the holiday to continue as long as the “yule log” lasted. The male members of the race, and often the female members, were expected to get drunk. We found that for a whole week the coloured people in and around Tuskegee dropped work the day before Christmas, and that it was difficult for any one to perform any service from the time they stopped work until after the New Year. Persons who at other times did not use strong drink thought it quite the proper thing to indulge in it rather freely during the Christmas week. There was a widespread hilarity, and a free use of guns, pistols, and gunpowder generally. The sacredness of the season seemed to have been almost wholly lost sight of.
出处：
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/2376
定位：Excerpt 131 · 核对日期：2026-10-19 · 核验：短摘录
白话
华盛顿指出，奴隶制时期南方各州有个普遍做法：圣诞节给黑人放一周假，但社会默认他们该在这段时间喝醉、放枪放炮、尽情狂欢。结果假期变成放纵，节日的庄重意义几乎丢光。他点出问题不在放假本身，而在一种被强加的“低期待”：别人只把你当需要发泄的人，你也就照着活。要改变处境，就得重新定义假期怎么过——从放纵转向休息、学习和照顾他人。这需要自己先立起标准，而不是接受别人给你的活法。
上下文
华盛顿在自传中回忆塔斯基吉附近黑人社区过圣诞的旧习，反思奴隶制遗留下来的行为模式。
今日一问
你身上有没有一种“别人都这样”的习惯，其实是被低期待塑造的？
公版作品；原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg，仅摘录段落并附全书链接。
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