投资 · 西方古典
大卫·李嘉图:政治经济学及赋税原理·摘录 208
大卫·李嘉图《政治经济学及赋税原理》· On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation · 投资
With respect to the first objection, that by raising the wages of labour and lowering profits it acts unequally, as it affects the income of the farmer, trader, and manufacturer, and leaves untaxed the income of the landlord, stockholder, and others enjoying fixed incomes,--it may be answered, that if the operation of the tax be unequal, it is for the legislature to make it equal, by taxing directly the rent of land, and the dividends from stock. By so doing, all the objects of an income tax would be obtained, without the inconvenience of having recourse to the obnoxious measure of prying into every man's concerns, and arming commissioners with powers repugnant to the habits and feelings of a free country.
出处:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33310
定位:Excerpt 208 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录
白话
针对第一个反对意见——说这种税不公平,因为它只压农民、商人和制造商的收入,却放过地主、股票持有人等固定收入者——李嘉图回答:如果税负确实不均,立法机构就该直接对地租和股票红利征税来拉平。这样既能实现所得税的目标,又不必去窥探每个人的私事,也不用赋予官员侵犯自由国家习惯的权力。他的取舍是:与其用隐蔽的间接税造成不公,不如用透明的直接税,但前提是政治制度能公正执行。
上下文
李嘉图讨论对必需品征税的公平性,主张以直接税替代侵犯隐私的所得税。
今日一问
你更愿意接受透明的直接税,还是隐蔽但可能不公的间接税?
公版作品;原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg,仅摘录段落并附全书链接。
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