投资 · 西方古典
大卫·李嘉图:政治经济学及赋税原理·摘录 29
大卫·李嘉图《政治经济学及赋税原理》· On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation · 投资
Now suppose, that with the same labour and fixed capital, more fish could be produced, but no more gold or game, the relative value of fish would fall in comparison with gold or game. If, instead of twenty salmon, twenty-five were the produce of one day's labour, the price of a salmon would be sixteen shillings instead of a pound, and two salmon and a half, instead of two salmon, would be given in exchange for one deer, but the price of deer would continue at 2_l._ as before. In the same manner, if fewer fish could be obtained with the same capital and labour, fish would rise in comparative value. Fish then would rise or fall in exchangeable value, only because more or less labour was required to obtain a given quantity; and it never could rise or fall beyond the proportion of the increased or diminished quantity of labour required.
出处:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33310
定位:Excerpt 29 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录
白话
假设同样的劳动和固定资本能捕更多鱼,但金和猎物产量不变,鱼的相对价值就会下降。如果一天劳动捕25条鲑鱼而不是20条,每条鲑鱼价格就从1镑降到16先令,换一头鹿需要两条半鲑鱼而不是两条,但鹿价仍是2镑。反之,若捕鱼更难,鱼价就相对上升。鱼的可交换价值只随所需劳动量增减而升降,且升降幅度不会超过劳动量变动的比例。
上下文
李嘉图用捕鱼例子说明劳动生产率变化如何影响商品相对价值。
今日一问
你所在行业生产率提高后,产品相对价格是否相应下降?
公版作品;原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg,仅摘录段落并附全书链接。
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