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大卫·李嘉图:政治经济学及赋税原理·摘录 323
大卫·李嘉图《政治经济学及赋税原理》· On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation · 投资
But whether wages were stationary after the rise in the price of corn, or advanced moderately, or enormously, is of no importance to this question, for wages are paid by the manufacturer as well as by the farmer, and, therefore, in this respect they must be equally affected by a rise in the price of corn. But they are unequally affected in their profits, inasmuch as the farmer sells his commodity at an advanced price, while the manufacturer sells his for the same price as before. It is however the inequality of profit, which is always the inducement to remove capital from one employment to another, and therefore more corn would be produced, and fewer commodities manufactured. Manufactures would not rise, because fewer were manufactured, for a supply of them would be obtained in exchange for the exported corn.
出处:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33310
定位:Excerpt 323 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录
白话
粮价上涨后,工资是停滞、温和上涨还是暴涨,对这个问题都不重要。因为工资既由农场主支付,也由制造商支付,所以粮价上涨对两者工资的影响是一样的。但利润影响不同:农场主按上涨后的价格卖粮,制造商却按原价卖工业品。正是这种利润不均,促使资本从工业流向农业,谷物增产、工业品减产。工业品不会涨价,因为产量虽少,但可用出口谷物换回供应。
上下文
李嘉图分析谷物补贴如何通过利润差异引导资本在农业与工业间重新配置。
今日一问
你身边有没有因利润差异导致资源从某行业流出的例子?
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