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大卫·李嘉图:政治经济学及赋税原理·摘录 48

大卫·李嘉图《政治经济学及赋税原理》· On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation · 投资

If at the same time that he doubles the quantity of produce by the employment of the same capital, the value of money is by any accident lowered one half, the produce will sell for twice the money value that it did before; but the capital employed to produce it, will also be of twice its former money value; and therefore in this case too, the value of the produce will bear the same proportion to the value of the capital as it did before; and although the produce be doubled, rent, wages, and profits will only vary as the proportions vary, in which this double produce may be divided among the three classes that share it.

出处: https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33310
定位:Excerpt 48 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录

白话

如果资本不变,产量翻倍,同时货币价值意外贬低一半,那么产品能卖到的货币是原来的两倍;但资本(机器、厂房等)的货币价值也翻倍。所以产品价值与资本价值的比例仍然和以前一样。即使产量翻倍,地租、工资和利润也只会随着这三者分配比例的变化而变化。也就是说,货币变动不影响实际分配比例,只影响名义值。真正决定三者收入的是实物产品的分配份额,而不是货币价格。

上下文

李嘉图进一步说明货币价值变动与产量变化同时发生时,分配比例不变。

今日一问

当货币贬值和产量增加同时发生,你是否能看清实际分配比例并未改变,而不会被名义数字迷惑?

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