投资 · 西方古典
托马斯·马尔萨斯:人口论·摘录 52
托马斯·马尔萨斯《人口论》· An Essay on the Principle of Population · 投资
A collection from the rich of eighteen shillings in the pound, even if distributed in the most judicious manner, would have a little the same effect as that resulting from the supposition I have just made, and no possible contributions or sacrifices of the rich, particularly in money, could for any time prevent the recurrence of distress among the lower members of society, whoever they were. Great changes might, indeed, be made. The rich might become poor, and some of the poor rich, but a part of the society must necessarily feel a difficulty of living, and this difficulty will naturally fall on the least fortunate members.
出处:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/4239
定位:Excerpt 52 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录
白话
就算向富人每镑收十八先令,再最明智地分给穷人,效果也类似他刚才的假设:富人可能变穷,某些穷人变富,但社会总有一部分人感到生活困难,这困难自然落在最不幸的人身上。所以任何富人捐款或牺牲,尤其给钱,都无法长期阻止底层苦难重现。马尔萨斯并非说不能改变,而是说改变只是换人受苦,不消除苦难本身。这提醒我们:再分配能调位置,却难改总量约束。
上下文
马尔萨斯《人口论》继续论证济贫与再分配的局限。
今日一问
如果再分配只能换人受苦,社会还该不该再分配?
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