投资 · 西方古典
弗雷德里克·巴斯夏:经济诡辩·摘录 103
弗雷德里克·巴斯夏《经济诡辩》· Economic Sophisms · 投资
You are thus the dupes of an illusion. You wish in the first instance to pay taxes in order that you may have an army, a navy, a church, a university, judges, highways, etc., and then you wish to free from taxation first one branch of industry, then a second, then a third, always throwing back the burden upon the masses. You do nothing more than create interminable complications, without any other result than these complications themselves. Show me that a rise of price caused by protection falls upon the foreigner, and I could discover in your argument something specious. But if it be true that the public pays the tax before your law, and that after the law is passed it pays for protection and the tax into the bargain, truly I cannot see what is gained by it.
出处:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/44145
定位:Excerpt 103 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录
白话
巴师夏指出,保护主义的支持者陷入了一种幻觉:他们先要求大家交税来维持军队、海军、教会、大学、法官、公路等公共开支,然后又要求让某些行业免税或得到保护,把负担转嫁给大众。这样做只是制造无穷无尽的复杂安排,除了复杂本身,什么也没得到。如果保护能让外国人来承担涨价成本,那还有几分道理;但事实是,公众在保护法之前就交了税,保护法之后又要为保护多付钱,等于双重负担。所以,保护主义根本不能减轻税负,只会加重。
上下文
巴师夏在《经济诡辩》中批判法国保护主义政策,指出其逻辑矛盾:既想维持公共开支,又想通过关税转嫁负担。
今日一问
你是否也曾相信“保护本国产业就能减轻税负”这种说法?
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