投资 · 西方古典
弗雷德里克·巴斯夏：经济诡辩·摘录 113
弗雷德里克·巴斯夏《经济诡辩》· Economic Sophisms · 投资
M. T. despatched a ship from Havre to the United States, with a cargo of French goods, chiefly those known as _articles de Paris_, amounting to 200,000 francs. This was the figure declared at the Customhouse. When the cargo arrived at New Orleans it was charged with 10 per cent, freight and 30 per cent, duty, making a total of 280,000 francs. It was sold with 20 per cent, profit, or 40,000 francs, and produced a total of 320,000 francs, which the consignee invested in cottons. These cottons had still for freight, insurance, commission, etc., to bear a cost of 10 per cent. so that when the new cargo arrived at Havre it had cost 352,000 francs, which was the figure entered in the Customhouse books. Finally M. T. realized upon this return cargo 20 per cent, profit, or 70,400 francs; in other words, the cottons were sold for 422,400 francs.
出处：
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/44145
定位：Excerpt 113 · 核对日期：2026-10-19 · 核验：短摘录
白话
商人T先生从法国勒阿弗尔发一船货去美国，报关价值20万法郎。到新奥尔良后，加上10%运费和30%关税，成本变成28万法郎。他按20%利润卖出，得32万法郎，再用这笔钱买棉花。棉花运回法国又花了10%的运费、保险和佣金，到港成本35.2万法郎。最后这批棉花以20%利润卖出，得42.24万法郎。整个来回，他两次都赚了钱。这说明国际贸易中，商人通过低买高卖和承担风险获利，而海关记录只看到出口20万、进口35.2万，却看不到商人实际赚到的利润。
上下文
巴斯夏《经济诡辩》中的例子，用以反驳重商主义只看贸易差额的观点。
今日一问
你判断一笔生意赚不赚钱，是看账面流水，还是看最终利润？
公版作品；原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg，仅摘录段落并附全书链接。
你的邮箱
只用于发送原典。不发广告，不卖名单。
本文本为公版；底本与原文链接见上。 版权