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弗雷德里克·巴斯夏:经济诡辩·摘录 141

弗雷德里克·巴斯夏《经济诡辩》· Economic Sophisms · 投资

I soon perceived that it proceeds from this: That between Paris and Brussels _obstacles_ of many kinds exist. First of all, there is _distance_, which entails loss of time, and we must either submit to this ourselves, or pay another to submit to it. Then come rivers, marshes, accidents, bad roads, which are so many _difficulties_ to be surmounted. We succeed in building bridges, in forming roads, and making them smoother by pavements, iron rails, etc. But all this is costly, and the commodity must be made to bear the cost. Then there are robbers who infest the roads, and a body of police must be kept up, etc.

出处: https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/44145
定位:Excerpt 141 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录

白话

我很快发现,原因在于巴黎和布鲁塞尔之间存在多种障碍。首先是距离,它带来时间损失,我们要么自己承受,要么付钱让别人承受。然后是河流、沼泽、事故、糟糕的道路,这些都是需要克服的困难。我们成功建桥、修路,用铺路石、铁轨等把路弄平,但这一切都很昂贵,商品必须承担这些成本。还有强盗出没,于是要维持警察队伍,等等。

上下文

巴斯夏分析巴黎与布鲁塞尔之间商品价格差异的来源,列举自然和人为的运输障碍。

今日一问

你所在行业的成本中,有多少是自然障碍造成的,有多少是人为制度造成的?

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