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弗雷德里克·巴斯夏:经济诡辩·摘录 35

弗雷德里克·巴斯夏《经济诡辩》· Economic Sophisms · 投资

Here, for instance, are men who are in want of casks for the storage of their wine. This is an obstacle; and here are other men whose business it is to remove that obstacle by making the casks that are wanted. It is fortunate, then, that this obstacle should exist, since it gives employment to a branch of national industry, and enriches a certain number of our fellow-citizens. But then we have ingenious machinery invented for felling the oak, cutting it up into staves, and forming them into the wine-casks that are wanted. By this means the obstacle is lessened, and so are the gains of the cooper. Let us maintain both at their former elevation by a law, and put down the machinery.

出处: https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/44145
定位:Excerpt 35 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录

白话

有人需要木桶存酒,这算是个障碍;另一些人专门做桶来消除这个障碍。有人觉得这挺好,因为做桶能养活一个行业、让一部分人赚钱。可后来发明了机器,伐橡木、切木板、做桶都更快了,障碍变小了,桶匠的收益也少了。于是有人主张:用法律把机器禁掉,让障碍和收益都回到从前。这听起来荒唐,但保护主义就是这么想的:把“消除障碍”本身当成目的,却忘了障碍消除后,酒能更便宜地存起来,大家本来可以过得更好。

上下文

巴斯夏《经济诡辩》中的经典例子,讽刺那些把“制造障碍”当成就业来源的保护主义论调。

今日一问

你身边有没有把“保住旧岗位”当成理由、却阻碍了更便宜更好服务的政策或习惯?

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