投资 · 西方古典
弗雷德里克·巴斯夏:经济诡辩·摘录 44
弗雷德里克·巴斯夏《经济诡辩》· Economic Sophisms · 投资
As an agriculturist, M. Bugeaud directs all his efforts to two ends,--to save labour, and obtain cheap bread. When he prefers a good plough to a bad one; when he improves his pastures; when, in order to pulverize the soil, he substitutes as much as possible the action of the atmosphere for that of the harrow and the hoe; when he calls to his aid all the processes of which science and experiment have proved the efficacy,--he has but one object in view, viz., to diminish _the proportion of effort to result_. We have indeed no other test of the ability of a cultivator, and the perfection of his processes, than to measure to what extent they have lessened the one and added to the other. And as all the farmers in the world act upon this principle, we may assert that the effort of mankind at large is to obtain, for their own benefit undoubtedly, bread and all other products cheaper, to lessen the labour needed to procure a given quantity of what they want.
出处:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/44145
定位:Excerpt 44 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录
白话
作为农民,布若的目标很明确:省力、得便宜面包。他选好犁、改良牧场、用大气风化代替耙锄、采用科学方法,都是为了一个目的:让产出相对投入更大。衡量一个农夫本事高低,就看他用多少力气换多少粮食。全世界农民都这样干,所以人类整体趋势就是:用更少劳动,获得更多更便宜的产品。这是巴斯夏要确立的“实践原则”。
上下文
巴斯夏以布若的农业实践为例,说明实际生产者的行为逻辑是节约劳动、提高效率,与保护主义立法形成对照。
今日一问
你最近做的一件事,是让投入更少产出更多,还是相反?
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