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托斯丹·凡勃伦：有闲阶级论·摘录 115
托斯丹·凡勃伦《有闲阶级论》· The Theory of the Leisure Class · 投资
The leisure class lives by the industrial community rather than in it. Its relations to industry are of a pecuniary rather than an industrial kind. Admission to the class is gained by exercise of the pecuniary aptitudes--aptitudes for acquisition rather than for serviceability. There is, therefore, a continued selective sifting of the human material that makes up the leisure class, and this selection proceeds on the ground of fitness for pecuniary pursuits. But the scheme of life of the class is in large part a heritage from the past, and embodies much of the habits and ideals of the earlier barbarian period. This archaic, barbarian scheme of life imposes itself also on the lower orders, with more or less mitigation. In its turn the scheme of life, of conventions, acts selectively and by education to shape the human material, and its action runs chiefly in the direction of conserving traits, habits, and ideals that belong to the early barbarian age--the age of prowess and predatory life.
出处：
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/833
定位：Excerpt 115 · 核对日期：2026-10-19 · 核验：短摘录
白话
有闲阶级靠社会养活，却不参与生产。他们跟产业的关系是金钱上的，不是干活上的。要进入这个阶级，靠的是赚钱的本事，不是服务社会的本事。所以这个阶级的人不断被筛选，筛的标准就是看谁更适合搞钱。但他们的生活方式大部分是从过去继承来的，带着早期野蛮时代的习惯和理想。这种老掉牙的野蛮生活方式还会压到下层人身上，只是程度轻些。反过来，这套生活方式和规矩又通过教育来塑造人，主要方向是保留早期野蛮时代的特征、习惯和理想——那个崇尚武力、靠掠夺为生的时代。
上下文
凡勃伦《有闲阶级论》于1899年出版，分析有闲阶级如何通过炫耀性消费和金钱竞赛来显示地位。
今日一问
今天的社会里，哪些“体面”的行业或生活方式，其实还在奖励“搞钱本事”而非“服务本事”？
公版作品；原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg，仅摘录段落并附全书链接。
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