投资 · 西方古典
托斯丹·凡勃伦：有闲阶级论·摘录 147
托斯丹·凡勃伦《有闲阶级论》· The Theory of the Leisure Class · 投资
The influence of the leisure class is not consistently for or against the rehabilitation of this proto-anthropoid human nature. So far as concerns the chance of survival of individuals endowed with an exceptionally large share of the primitive traits, the sheltered position of the class favors its members directly by withdrawing them from the pecuniary struggle; but indirectly, through the leisure-class canons of conspicuous waste of goods and effort, the institution of a leisure class lessens the chance of survival of such individuals in the entire body of the population. The decent requirements of waste absorb the surplus energy of the population in an invidious struggle and leave no margin for the non-invidious expression of life. The remoter, less tangible, spiritual effects of the discipline of decency go in the same direction and work perhaps more effectually to the same end. The canons of decent life are an elaboration of the principle of invidious comparison, and they accordingly act consistently to inhibit all non-invidious effort and to inculcate the self-regarding attitude.
出处：
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/833
定位：Excerpt 147 · 核对日期：2026-10-19 · 核验：短摘录
白话
有闲阶级的影响并不一贯地支持或反对恢复那种“类人猿式”的人性。就个体生存机会而言，有闲阶级的庇护地位直接让成员免于金钱竞争；但间接地，通过炫耀性浪费的规范，它又降低了具有原始特质者在全体人口中的生存机会。因为体面要求的浪费把人们的剩余精力吸进攀比争斗，没留下非攀比生活的余地。体面生活规范本质上是攀比原则的精致化，所以它一贯地抑制非攀比努力、灌输自私自利的态度。要警惕：体面标准会悄悄挤掉你真正想做的事。
上下文
凡勃伦《有闲阶级论》分析有闲阶级规范对人口生存与精神气质的双重作用。
今日一问
你为了“体面”花掉的精力，是否挤掉了你真正想做的事？
公版作品；原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg，仅摘录段落并附全书链接。
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