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尼可罗·马基雅维利：君主论·摘录 15
尼可罗·马基雅维利《君主论》· The Prince · 哲学 · 投资 · 领导
Whenever those states which have been acquired as stated have been accustomed to live under their own laws and in freedom, there are three courses for those who wish to hold them: the first is to ruin them, the next is to reside there in person, the third is to permit them to live under their own laws, drawing a tribute, and establishing within it an oligarchy which will keep it friendly to you. Because such a government, being created by the prince, knows that it cannot stand without his friendship and interest, and does its utmost to support him; and therefore he who would keep a city accustomed to freedom will hold it more easily by the means of its own citizens than in any other way.
出处：
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/1232
定位：Excerpt 15 · 核对日期：2026-10-19 · 核验：短摘录
白话
如果被征服的地方习惯自由、有自己的法律，想保住它有三条路：第一，彻底摧毁它；第二，君主亲自驻在那里；第三，让它继续按自己的法律生活，但收取贡赋，并在内部扶植一个亲你的寡头政权。这个政权由你扶植，知道离开你的支持就站不住，所以会拼命维护你。马基雅维利认为，对习惯自由的城市，借助其内部代理人来控制，比直接派官更省力。
上下文
《君主论》第五章，讨论如何统治习惯自由生活的城市或国家。
今日一问
你面对一个习惯自治的群体，是选择摧毁、亲自坐镇，还是扶植内部盟友？
公版作品；原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg，仅摘录段落并附全书链接。
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