君主论·摘录 31 · 尼可罗·马基雅维利

Therefore, one who becomes a prince through the favour of the people ought to keep them friendly, and this he can easily do seeing they only ask not to be oppressed by him. But one who, in opposition to the people, becomes a prince by the favour of the nobles, ought, above everything, to seek to win the people over to himself, and this he may easily do if he takes them under his protection. Because men, when they receive good from him of whom they were expecting evil, are bound more closely to their benefactor; thus the people quickly become more devoted to him than if he had been raised to the principality by their favours; and the prince can win their affections in many ways, but as these vary according to the circumstances one cannot give fixed rules, so I omit them; but, I repeat, it is necessary for a prince to have the people friendly, otherwise he has no security in adversity.

出处： https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/1232
定位：Excerpt 31 · 核对日期：2026-10-19 · 核验：短摘录

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靠人民支持当上君主的人，应保持人民友好，这很容易，因为他们只求不被压迫。相反，靠贵族支持、违背人民意愿上位的人，首要任务是争取人民，只要保护他们就能做到。因为人从原本提防的人那里得到好处，会更感激他，人民会更快地效忠他。君主可用多种方式赢得民心，具体因情况而异，无法定死规则。但必须牢记：君主必须与人民友好，否则在逆境中就没有安全。

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马基雅维利《君主论》分析公民君主国中君主如何巩固统治，强调人民支持是安全基础。

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如果你靠少数人支持获得权力，你做过什么来赢得多数人的信任？

公版作品；原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg，仅摘录段落并附全书链接。

健康 · 神农（旧题）《神农本草经》

杏核味甘溫。主治欬逆上氣，雷鳴，喉痹，下氣，產乳，金創，寒心，賁豚。生川谷。

杏核（即杏仁）味道甘甜、性质温。主要治疗咳嗽气逆、气喘，肠鸣作响，喉咙肿痛闭塞，能让气往下走，帮助产妇下乳，治疗金属创伤，缓解胃寒和奔豚气（一种气从少腹上冲胸咽的病症）。它生长在山川河谷地带。古人认为杏仁能降肺气，所以对咳嗽气喘有效；又能润肠通便，所以能下气。今天用杏仁要注意：苦杏仁有小毒，需炮制后使用，且不宜过量。甜杏仁可食用，但也不能过量。对于咳嗽、便秘，杏仁是常用食材和药材，但需辨证使用。

投资 · 陈梦雷等（编）《钦定古今图书集成·食货典》

故表而出之，以為業蠶者之戒。銘曰：「世業農桑，既興我室，比臨蠶月，復事塗飾。桃茢祓除，神主斯立。曲植既具，錡筐乃集。連蟻方生，若不」厭密。婦以母名，育有慈德。爰求柔桑，入此飼食。寒燠身先，是為體測。上無疏薄，下無濕浥。簾箔垂門，龕火在壁。夜窗或遮，風竇時窒。頗忌北風，空障西日。他工莫興，外人勿入。庇護攸安，漸至捉績。祈祀以時，願獲終吉。神實相之，簇如雪積。分繭秤絲，來告功畢。抬爐圖{{{2}}}《火倉圖說》〈附抬爐〉火倉。凡蠶生室內四…

所以特别写出来，作为养蚕人的警戒。铭文说：世代务农桑，建好蚕室，到了蚕月还要涂饰。用桃茢祓除不祥，设立神主。蚕架蚕箔备好，筐具聚集。小蚕刚生，怕密不怕疏。妇女以母性慈德育蚕。采柔桑喂养。蚕对冷热敏感，人要替它先试。上面不漏薄，下面不潮湿。帘箔垂门，壁龛生火。夜窗要遮，风洞要堵。忌北风，挡西晒。别处工程暂停，外人莫入。庇护安稳，渐到结茧。按时祭祀，愿得吉利。神灵保佑，茧簇如雪积。分茧秤丝，报告完工。抬炉图火仓图说附抬炉：火仓，蚕室内四壁垒龛，状如三星，要玲珑，藏熟火通暖气，四面均匀。

事业 · 奥里森·斯威特·马登《向前进》

The parents of Michael Angelo had declared that no son of theirs should ever follow the discreditable profession of an artist, and even punished him for covering the walls and furniture with sketches; but the fire…

米开朗基罗的父母认为当艺术家丢脸，不许家里任何儿子干这一行，甚至因为他把墙壁和家具画满草图而惩罚他。可他心里那团火像是上天亲手点燃的，怎么也压不灭，非让他一路画到圣彼得大教堂的建筑、摩西像的大理石和西斯廷礼拜堂的墙壁上，才肯罢休。这故事说的不是叛逆，而是：当一件事反复在你心里冒头，压下去只会更疼；与其和它较劲，不如认真评估它，然后给它一条正当的出路。

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