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尼可罗·马基雅维利:君主论·摘录 79

尼可罗·马基雅维利《君主论》· The Prince · 领导 · 认知 · 决策 · 心性

There were none who knew Messer Antonio da Venafro as the servant of Pandolfo Petrucci, Prince of Siena, who would not consider Pandolfo to be a very clever man in having Venafro for his servant. Because there are three classes of intellects: one which comprehends by itself; another which appreciates what others comprehended; and a third which neither comprehends by itself nor by the showing of others; the first is the most excellent, the second is good, the third is useless. Therefore, it follows necessarily that, if Pandolfo was not in the first rank, he was in the second, for whenever one has judgment to know good and bad when it is said and done, although he himself may not have the initiative, yet he can recognize the good and the bad in his servant, and the one he can praise and the other correct; thus the servant cannot hope to deceive him, and is kept honest.

出处: https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/1232
定位:Excerpt 79 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录

白话

马基雅维利把人的智力分三等:自己就能看透的、能听懂别人看透的、既不能自己看透也听不懂别人的。第一等最优秀,第二等也不错,第三等无用。锡耶纳君主潘多尔福·佩特鲁奇用韦纳弗罗做臣仆,人们便认为他很精明,因为他即使不是第一等,也属于第二等:能判断别人说的和做的好坏,识别臣仆的优劣并加以奖惩,臣仆便不敢欺骗他,只能保持诚实。

上下文

马基雅维利以锡耶纳君主潘多尔福·佩特鲁奇及其臣仆韦纳弗罗为例,说明君主不必事事亲为,但必须有判断力。

今日一问

如果你不是最聪明的那类人,你是否至少能判断出谁说得对、谁做得对?

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