Adam Smith：The Wealth of Nations, Book IV, Chapter VII, Paragraph 1404

Secondly, This monopoly has necessarily contributed to keep up the rate of profit, in all the different branches of British trade, higher than it naturally would have been, had all nations been allowed a free trade to the British colonies.

Source： https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/3300
Locator：Book IV, Chapter VII, paragraph 1404 · Verified：2026-10-19 · Verification：Exact match

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