事业 · 创业者自述
爱德华·博克:爱德华·博克自传·补录 632
爱德华·博克《爱德华·博克自传》· The Americanization of Edward Bok · 领导
He found that the Philadelphia Orchestra had a small but faithful group of guarantors who each year made good the deficit in addition to paying for its concert seats. This did not seem to Bok a sound business plan; it made of the orchestra a necessarily exclusive organization, maintained by a few; and it gave out this impression to the general public, which felt that it did not "belong," whereas the true relation of public and orchestra was that of mutual dependence. Other orchestras, he found, as, for example, the Boston Symphony and the New York Philharmonic had their deficits met by one individual patron in each case. This, to Bok's mind, was an even worse system, since it entirely excluded the public, making the orchestra dependent on the continued interest and life of a single man.
出处:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/3538
定位:Additional excerpt 632 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录
白话
博克认为费城交响乐团由少数担保人弥补赤字,虽比单人赞助好,但仍让公众觉得乐团与自己无关。他理想中公众与乐团应相互依赖,而不是靠少数人施舍。波士顿和纽约的模式更糟,全靠一个赞助人,风险太大。所以需要设计一种让更多人参与、有归属感的制度。
上下文
20世纪初美国交响乐团多靠私人赞助,博克在比较不同城市的运营模式。
今日一问
你支持的公益组织,是让参与者有主人翁感,还是只靠几个金主?
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