我的生活与工作·补录 187 · 亨利·福特

In this first plan the standards insisted upon were not petty--although sometimes they may have been administered in a petty fashion. We had about fifty investigators in the Social Department; the standard of common sense among them was very high indeed, but it is impossible to assemble fifty men equally endowed with common sense. They erred at times--one always hears about the errors. It was expected that in order to receive the bonus married men should live with and take proper care of their families. We had to break up the evil custom among many of the foreign workers of taking in boarders--of regarding their homes as something to make money out of rather than as a place to live in. Boys under eighteen received a bonus if they supported the next of kin. Single men who lived wholesomely shared. The best evidence that the plan was essentially beneficial is the record. When the plan went into effect, 60 per cent. of the workers immediately qualified to share; at the end of six months 78 per cent. were sharing, and at the end of one year 87 per cent. Within a year and one half only a fraction of one per cent. failed to share.

出处： https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/7213
定位：Additional excerpt 187 · 核对日期：2026-10-19 · 核验：短摘录

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最初的标准并不苛刻，但执行时可能显得琐碎。社会部约有五十名调查员，常识水平总体很高，可五十人不可能个个一样明白，难免出错，而错误总被传得最响。当时要求已婚男工与家人同住并照顾好家庭，还要打破外籍工人收房客、把家当赚钱工具的习惯；十八岁以下男孩若供养近亲可获奖金，单身男子生活正派也可分享。效果看记录：计划生效时六成工人立即合格，半年后七成八，一年后八成七，一年半后仅不到百分之一不合格。核心是：好制度靠执行，执行要容错，最终看数据。

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福特描述五美元计划中社会部的调查与行为标准，以及计划推行后的合格率变化。

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你的制度在执行中出了错，是急着否定制度，还是先看整体数据再调整？

公版传记；原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg，仅摘录段落并附全书链接。

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事业 · 安德鲁·卡内基《安德鲁·卡内基自传》

This incident occurred eight years after the "American Four-in-Hand" was written, and adds another to the many proofs of Mr. Gladstone's wonderful memory. Perhaps as a vain author I may be pardoned for confessing my…

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