事业 · 创业者自述
亨利·福特：我的生活与工作·补录 290
亨利·福特《我的生活与工作》· My Life and Work · 领导
By poverty I mean the lack of reasonably sufficient food, housing, and clothing for an individual or a family. There will have to be differences in the grades of sustenance. Men are not equal in mentality or in physique. Any plan which starts with the assumption that men are or ought to be equal is unnatural and therefore unworkable. There can be no feasible or desirable process of leveling down. Such a course only promotes poverty by making it universal instead of exceptional. Forcing the efficient producer to become inefficient does not make the inefficient producer more efficient. Poverty can be done away with only by plenty, and we have now gone far enough along in the science of production to be able to see, as a natural development, the day when production and distribution will be so scientific that all may have according to ability and industry.
出处：
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/7213
定位：Additional excerpt 290 · 核对日期：2026-10-19 · 核验：短摘录
白话
我所说的贫困是指个人或家庭缺乏合理充足的食物、住房和衣物。 sustenance 的等级必然存在差异。人的智力和体力并不平等。任何以人平等或应该平等为前提的计划都是不自然的，因此不可行。没有可行或可取的拉平过程。这种做法只会让贫困普遍化而非例外，从而促进贫困。强迫高效生产者变得低效并不能使低效生产者更高效。只有通过充裕才能消除贫困，我们在生产科学上已经走得足够远，可以看到，作为自然发展，生产和分配将如此科学化，以至于所有人都能按能力和勤奋获得。
上下文
福特反对平均主义，认为通过提高生产效率而非均贫富来解决贫困。
今日一问
你同意“拉平”会加剧贫困吗？如何平衡效率与公平？
公版传记；原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg，仅摘录段落并附全书链接。
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