节俭·摘录 266 · 塞缪尔·斯迈尔斯

It was not until the Rev. Henry Duncan, the minister of Ruthwell, a poor parish in Dumfriesshire, took up the subject, that the savings-bank system may be said to have become fairly inaugurated. The inhabitants of that parish were mostly poor cottagers, whose average wages did not amount to more than eight shillings a week. There were no manufactures in the district, nor any means of subsistence for the population, except what was derived from the land under cultivation; and the landowners were for the most part non-resident. It seemed a very unlikely place in which to establish a bank for savings, where the poor people were already obliged to strain every nerve to earn a bare living, to provide the means of educating their children (for, however small his income, the Scottish peasant almost invariably contrives to save something wherewith to send his children to school), and to pay their little contributions to the friendly society of the parish. Nevertheless, the minister resolved, as a help to his spiritual instructions, to try the experiment.

出处： https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/14418
定位：Excerpt 266 · 核对日期：2026-10-19 · 核验：短摘录

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储蓄银行真正成形，要归功于邓肯牧师。他在苏格兰一个穷教区任职，居民多是佃农，周薪平均不到八先令，没有工业，土地收益微薄，地主又多半不住当地。在这样穷的地方办储蓄银行，看似不可能，因为人们连糊口、供孩子上学、交互助会会费都吃力。但邓肯牧师还是决定试一试，把它当作辅助精神教导的手段。这说明：推动一项好制度，不必等条件完美；在最需要的地方先做小规模试验，反而能证明其价值。

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斯迈尔斯《节俭》中讲述亨利·邓肯牧师在苏格兰鲁斯韦尔教区创办储蓄银行的背景。

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公版作品；原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg，仅摘录段落并附全书链接。

健康 · 吴瑭《温病条辨》

脈雖數而虛，苔化而少，身雖餘熱未退，亦虛熱也，純係關閘不藏見證，補之稍緩則脫。故改桃花湯為粥，取其逗留中焦之意，此條認定「完穀不化」四字要緊。【桃花粥方】（甘溫兼澀法）人參（三錢）炙甘草（三錢）赤石脂（六錢，細末）白粳米（二合）水十杯，先煮參、草得六杯，去渣，再入粳米煮得三杯，納石脂末三錢，頓服之。利不止，再服第二杯，如上法；利止停後服。或先因過用寒涼，脈不數，身不熱者，加乾薑三錢。邪熱不殺穀，亦有完穀一證，不可不慎，當於脈之虛實，併…

脉数而虚，舌苔化而少，身有微热，这是虚热，关闸不藏，需急补，稍缓则脱。将桃花汤改为粥，取逗留中焦之意。关键辨“完穀不化”：若因过用寒凉，脉不数身不热，加干姜；若邪热不杀穀，也有完穀，需辨脉之虚实。温病少阴下利、咽痛胸满心烦，用猪肤汤。

事业 · 戴圣（编）《礼记》

漬：取牛肉必新殺者，薄切之，必絶其理，湛諸美酒，期朝而食之以醢若醯、醷。爲熬：捶之，去其皽，編萑，布牛肉焉，屑桂與薑，以洒諸上而鹽之，乾而食之。施羊亦如之。施麋、施鹿、施麕皆如牛羊。欲濡肉，則釋而煎之以醢。欲乾肉，則捶而食之。糝：取牛、羊、豕之肉，三如一，小切之，與稻米，稻米二、肉一，合以爲餌，煎之。肝膋：取狗肝一，幪之以其膋，濡炙之，舉燋其膋，不蓼。取稻米，舉糔溲之，小切狼臅膏，以與稻米爲酏。禮始於謹夫婦。爲宫室，辨外内。男子居外，…

渍：取新杀的牛肉，薄切，切断纹理，泡在美酒里，第二天用醢或醋、醷吃。做熬：捶打，去掉皮膜，编萑草，铺上牛肉，撒桂皮和姜，洒上盐，晒干吃。做羊肉也一样。做麋、鹿、獐都像牛羊。想要湿肉，就泡开用醢煎。想要干肉，就捶打吃。糁：取牛、羊、猪肉，三样一样多，切小，和稻米，米二肉一，混合做成饼，煎。肝膋：取狗肝一个，用狗网油包住，湿烤，烤焦网油，不加蓼。取稻米，揉洗，切碎狼胸膏，和稻米做成粥。礼从谨慎夫妇开始。建宫室，分内外。男子居外，女子居内。深宫固门，阍寺守门。男不入，女不出。男女不共用衣架。不敢挂在丈夫的衣架上，不敢藏在丈夫的箱子里，不敢共用浴室。丈夫不在，收起枕头箱子席子，把器物收藏好。

投资 · 桓宽《盐铁论》

大夫曰：「學者所防固辭，禮者所以文鄙行也。故學以輔德，禮以文質。言思可道，行思可樂。惡言不出於口，邪行不及於己。動作應禮，從容中道。故禮以行之，孫以出之。是以終日言，無口過；終身行，無冤尤。今人主張官立朝以治民，疏爵分祿以褒賢，而曰『懸門腐鼠』，何辭之鄙背而悖於所聞也？」

大夫说：学习是为了防止固陋的言辞，礼是用来修饰粗鄙的行为。所以学习辅助德行，礼文饰质朴。说话要考虑是否可说，行动要考虑是否可乐。恶言不出于口，邪行不及于己。动作合乎礼，从容合于道。因此用礼来行事，用谦逊来表达。这样整天说话，没有口过；终身行事，没有冤尤。现在人们主张做官立朝来治理百姓，分爵禄来褒奖贤人，却说‘悬门腐鼠’，为什么言辞这么鄙背而违背所闻呢？

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