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大卫·李嘉图:政治经济学及赋税原理·摘录 108

大卫·李嘉图《政治经济学及赋税原理》· On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation · 投资

But there is this essential difference between the rise of rent and the rise of wages. The rise in the money value of rent is accompanied by an increased share of the produce; not only is the landlord's money rent greater, but his corn rent also; he will have more corn, and each defined measure of that corn will exchange for a greater quantity of all other goods which have not been raised in value. The fate of the labourer will be less happy: he will receive more money wages, it is true, but his corn wages will be reduced; and not only his command of corn, but his general condition will be deteriorated, by his finding it more difficult to maintain the market rate of wages above their natural rate. While the price of corn rises 10 per cent., wages will always rise less than 10 per cent., but rent will always rise more; the condition of the labourer will generally decline, and that of the landlord will always be improved.

出处: https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33310
定位:Excerpt 108 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录

白话

地租上涨与工资上涨有本质区别:地租的货币价值上升伴随实物份额增加,地主不仅货币地租更多,谷物地租也更多,且每单位谷物能换更多其他商品。劳工则不然,货币工资虽增,谷物工资却减少,维持高于自然工资的市场工资更难,整体处境恶化。谷价涨10%,工资涨幅总低于10%,地租涨幅总高于10%,所以劳工条件普遍下降,地主条件总是改善。

上下文

李嘉图在《政治经济学及赋税原理》中对比地租与工资上涨的不同后果,揭示阶级利益分配差异。

今日一问

当物价上涨时,你注意到不同群体(如房东与租客、雇主与雇员)的处境差异了吗?

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