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大卫·李嘉图:政治经济学及赋税原理·摘录 110
大卫·李嘉图《政治经济学及赋税原理》· On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation · 投资
This pernicious tendency of these laws is no longer a mystery, since it has been fully developed by the able hand of Mr. Malthus; and every friend to the poor must ardently wish for their abolition. Unfortunately however they have been so long established, and the habits of the poor have been so formed upon their operation, that to eradicate them with safety from our political system requires the most cautious and skilful management. It is agreed by all who are most friendly to a repeal of these laws, that if it be desirable to prevent the most overwhelming distress to those for whose benefit they were erroneously enacted, their abolition should be effected by the most gradual steps.
出处:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33310
定位:Excerpt 110 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录
白话
这些法律(指济贫法)的有害趋势已被马尔萨斯充分揭示,任何关心穷人的人都应渴望废除它们。但不幸的是,它们实施太久,穷人的习惯已适应其运作,所以要从政治制度中安全地根除,需要极其谨慎和技巧。所有支持废除的人都同意,如果要避免给那些本应受益的人带来压倒性的苦难,废除必须采取最渐进的步骤。也就是说,改革不能一刀切,要慢慢来,让穷人有时间适应,否则可能造成更大伤害。
上下文
李嘉图引用马尔萨斯对济贫法的批判,讨论废除济贫法的渐进策略。
今日一问
在改革社会福利时,如何平衡理想目标与过渡期的阵痛?
公版作品;原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg,仅摘录段落并附全书链接。
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