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大卫·李嘉图:政治经济学及赋税原理·摘录 117
大卫·李嘉图《政治经济学及赋税原理》· On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation · 投资
If both the manufacturer and farmer employed ten men, on wages rising from 24_l._ to 25_l._ per annum. per man, the whole sum paid by each would be 250_l._ instead of 240_l._ This is, however, the whole addition that would be paid by the manufacturer to obtain the same quantity of commodities; but the farmer on new land would probably be obliged to employ an additional man, and therefore to pay an additional sum of 25_l._ for wages; and the farmer on the old land would be obliged to pay precisely the same additional sum of 25_l._ for rent; without which additional labour, corn would not have risen. One will therefore have to pay 275_l._ for wages alone, the other, for wages and rent together; each 25_l._ more than the manufacturer: for this latter 25_l._ they are compensated by the addition to the price of raw produce, and therefore their profits still conform to the profits of the manufacturer. As this proposition is important, I will endeavour still further to elucidate it.
出处:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33310
定位:Excerpt 117 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录
白话
假设制造商和农场主都雇佣10个工人,工资从每人每年24镑涨到25镑,那么各自支付的总工资从240镑变成250镑。对制造商来说,这是为获得同样商品所增加的全部成本。但农场主若耕种新地,可能需多雇一个工人,多付25镑工资;若耕种旧地,则需多付25镑地租。没有这额外劳动,谷物就不会涨价。于是,一个支付275镑工资,另一个支付工资加地租共275镑,都比制造商多付25镑。这多付的25镑由农产品涨价补偿,所以他们的利润仍与制造商一致。这个道理很重要,我再进一步说明。
上下文
李嘉图用具体数字例子说明工资上涨对不同行业利润的影响,强调农业的额外负担。
今日一问
当成本普遍上涨时,你的行业是否获得了相应的价格补偿?
公版作品;原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg,仅摘录段落并附全书链接。
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