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大卫·李嘉图：政治经济学及赋税原理·摘录 146
大卫·李嘉图《政治经济学及赋税原理》· On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation · 投资
Under a system of perfectly free commerce, each country naturally devotes its capital and labour to such employments as are most beneficial to each. This pursuit of individual advantage is admirably connected with the universal good of the whole. By stimulating industry, by rewarding ingenuity, and by using most efficaciously the peculiar powers bestowed by nature, it distributes labour most effectively and most economically: while, by increasing the general mass of productions, it diffuses general benefit, and binds together by one common tie of interest and intercourse, the universal society of nations throughout the civilized world. It is this principle which determines that wine shall be made in France and Portugal, that corn shall be grown in America and Poland, and that hardware and other goods shall be manufactured in England.
出处：
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33310
定位：Excerpt 146 · 核对日期：2026-10-19 · 核验：短摘录
白话
在完全自由贸易下，每个国家会自然把资本和劳动投向最有利的行业。个人追求自身利益，会奇妙地促进整体利益：刺激产业、奖励才智、最有效地利用自然禀赋，使劳动分配最经济；同时增加总产量，让普遍受益，并用共同利益把文明世界的各国联结起来。正是这个原则决定了葡萄酒在法国和葡萄牙酿造，谷物在美洲和波兰种植，五金等商品在英国制造。
上下文
李嘉图在《政治经济学及赋税原理》中阐述自由贸易的国际分工原理，即比较优势思想。
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