投资 · 西方古典
大卫·李嘉图：政治经济学及赋税原理·摘录 157
大卫·李嘉图《政治经济学及赋税原理》· On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation · 投资
If the markets be favourable for the exportation of wine from Portugal to England, the exporter of the wine will be a seller of a bill, which will be purchased either by the importer of the cloth, or by the person who sold him his bill; and thus without the necessity of money passing from either country, the exporters in each country will be paid for their goods. Without having any direct transaction with each other, the money paid in Portugal by the importer of cloth will be paid to the Portuguese exporter of wine; and in England by the negociation of the same bill, the exporter of the cloth will be authorized to receive its value from the importer of wine.
出处：
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33310
定位：Excerpt 157 · 核对日期：2026-10-19 · 核验：短摘录
白话
两国贸易时，商人不必真的把金银运来运去，靠汇票就能结清账。比如葡萄牙酒商把酒卖到英国，他开出一张汇票，英国买布的人或卖给他汇票的人买下这张票，钱就在葡萄牙付给酒商，在英国付给布商。这样，出口商都拿到了货款，却没有货币跨境流动。核心是：汇票让远距离交易更省成本，避免金银运输的风险和费用。做法是：进出口商通过银行买卖汇票，用票据冲抵债务。
上下文
李嘉图在《政治经济学及赋税原理》中解释国际贸易的支付机制，说明汇票如何替代现金运输。
今日一问
今天跨境支付中，你能否用更省成本的票据或信用工具替代现金转账？
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