投资 · 西方古典

大卫·李嘉图:政治经济学及赋税原理·摘录 163

大卫·李嘉图《政治经济学及赋税原理》· On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation · 投资

Both countries would probably find it their interest to make their own wine and their own cloth; but this singular result would take place: in England, though wine would be cheaper, cloth would be elevated in price, more would be paid for it by the consumer; while in Portugal the consumers, both of cloth and of wine, would be able to purchase those commodities cheaper. In the country where the improvement was made, prices would be enhanced; in that where no change had taken place, but where they had been deprived of a profitable branch of foreign trade, prices would fall.

出处: https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33310
定位:Excerpt 163 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录

白话

两国各自生产葡萄酒和布匹可能都更有利,但会出现一个奇怪结果:在英国,葡萄酒虽更便宜,布匹却涨价,消费者要付更多钱;在葡萄牙,消费者买布和酒都更便宜。这是因为英国发生了技术改进,提高了生产效率,但同时也推高了国内物价;葡萄牙没有改进,还失去了有利的对外贸易部门,物价反而下跌。核心是:技术进步在提升一国生产能力的同时,会通过货币流动和贸易条件变化,改变国内价格结构,使部分商品变贵,部分变便宜,消费者感受不一。

上下文

李嘉图在《政治经济学及赋税原理》中讨论国际贸易与货币分配,以英葡两国交换酒和布为例,说明技术改进对价格的影响。

今日一问

当某个行业技术进步时,你是否注意到它可能推高其他商品的价格,从而影响你的整体生活成本?

公版作品;原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg,仅摘录段落并附全书链接。

本文本为公版;底本与原文链接见上。 版权

← 返回原文库