投资 · 西方古典
大卫·李嘉图:政治经济学及赋税原理·摘录 222
大卫·李嘉图《政治经济学及赋税原理》· On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation · 投资
The chief objection against tithes is, that they are not a permanent and fixed tax, but increase in value, in proportion as the difficulty of producing corn increases. If those difficulties should make the price of corn 4_l._ the tax is 8_s._, if they should increase it to 5_l._, the tax is 10_s._, and at 6_l._, it is 12_s._ They not only rise in value, but they increase in amount: thus, when No. 1 was cultivated, the tax was only levied on 180 quarters; when No. 2 was cultivated, it was levied on 180 + 170, or 350 quarters; and when No. 3 was cultivated, on 180 + 170 + 160 = 510 quarters. Not only is the amount of the tax increased from 100,000 quarters, to 200,000 quarters, when the produce is increased from one to two millions of quarters; but, owing to the increased labour necessary to produce the second million, the relative value of raw produce is so advanced, that the 200,000 quarters may be, though only twice in quantity, yet in value three times that of the 100,000 quarters which were paid before.
出处:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33310
定位:Excerpt 222 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录
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什一税的主要缺点是它不固定,会随生产玉米的难度增加而增值。困难越大,价格越高,税也越多;而且随着耕种扩展,征税范围从180夸特扩大到510夸特,税额增加;同时由于劳动成本上升,农产品的相对价值提高,使得同样数量的税在价值上可能翻三倍。这加重了消费者负担。
上下文
李嘉图批评什一税随生产难度增加而自动加重,不利于经济发展。
今日一问
现代税制中,是否存在类似随成本上升而自动加重的税种?
公版作品;原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg,仅摘录段落并附全书链接。
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