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大卫·李嘉图:政治经济学及赋税原理·摘录 223

大卫·李嘉图《政治经济学及赋税原理》· On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation · 投资

Tithes however may be considered as injurious to landlords, inasmuch as they act as a bounty on importation, by taxing the growth of home corn, while the importation of foreign corn remains unfettered. And if in order to relieve the landlords from the effects of the diminished demand for land, which such a bounty must encourage, imported corn were also taxed one tenth, and the produce paid to the state, no measure could be more fair and equitable; since whatever were paid to the state by this tax, would go to diminish the other taxes which the expenses of government make necessary: but if such a tax were devoted only to increase the fund paid to the church, it might indeed on the whole increase the general mass of production, but it would diminish the portion of that mass allotted to the productive classes.

出处: https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33310
定位:Excerpt 223 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录

白话

什一税对地主不利,因为它对国内谷物征税,却让外国谷物自由进口,等于补贴进口。如果为减轻地主因土地需求减少而受的损失,也对进口谷物征十分之一税并上缴国家,那最公平,因为税款可减少其他税负;但如果这笔税只用来增加教会收入,总产量可能增加,但生产阶级所得份额会减少。

上下文

李嘉图《政治经济学及赋税原理》讨论什一税与谷物进口税,当时英国地主阶级主张保护农业。

今日一问

今天某些税收优惠是否也在无意中补贴了外部竞争者,而损害了本地产业?

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