投资 · 西方古典
大卫·李嘉图:政治经济学及赋税原理·摘录 229
大卫·李嘉图《政治经济学及赋税原理》· On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation · 投资
"Without doubt this would be a great encouragement given to manufactures and trade; but would it be just? Could not their advancement be obtained at any other price? In England itself, has not manufacturing and commercial industry made even greater progress, since the same period, without being distinguished with so much partiality? A landlord by his assiduity, economy, and skill, increases his annual revenue by 5000 francs. If the state claim of him the fifth part of his augmented income, will there not remain 4000 francs of increase to stimulate his further exertions?"
出处:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33310
定位:Excerpt 229 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录
白话
给制造业和贸易特殊鼓励固然能推动它们,但这样做公平吗?英国的经验表明,制造业和商业在没有这种偏袒的情况下,同期进步反而更大。地主通过勤勉、节俭和技能,每年增加5000法郎收入;如果国家对他增加的收入征收五分之一,他还剩下4000法郎的增量,这仍然足以激励他继续努力。所以,对增量征税未必会打击积极性,关键在税率是否适度、是否普遍适用,而不是只给某个行业特殊照顾。
上下文
李嘉图《政治经济学及赋税原理》讨论萨伊关于土地税的建议,质疑对农业的特殊鼓励是否公正有效。
今日一问
今天你所在的组织或政策,是否也在用特殊照顾代替公平竞争?效果真的更好吗?
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