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大卫·李嘉图:政治经济学及赋税原理·摘录 255

大卫·李嘉图《政治经济学及赋税原理》· On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation · 投资

"The price of labour will express, clearly, the wants of the society respecting population;" it will be just sufficient to support the population, which at that time the state of the funds for the maintenance of labourers, requires. If the labourer's wages were before only adequate to supply the requisite population, they will, after the tax, be inadequate to that supply, for he will not have the same funds to expend on his family. Labour will therefore rise, because the demand continues, and it is only by raising the price, that the supply is not checked.

出处: https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33310
定位:Excerpt 255 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录

白话

劳动价格清楚表达社会对人口的需求;它刚好够维持当时维持劳工的基金所要求的人口。如果征税前工资刚够维持必要人口,征税后就不够了,因为工人养家的钱少了。但劳动需求还在,所以工资会上升;只有涨价,人口供给才不会被抑制。换句话说,工资税不会让工人默默承受,而是通过推高工资把负担转出去。

上下文

李嘉图继续论证工资税会推高工资,而非减少人口。

今日一问

当一项成本加在底层身上,市场会通过什么方式把它转走?

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