投资 · 西方古典

大卫·李嘉图:政治经济学及赋税原理·摘录 308

大卫·李嘉图《政治经济学及赋税原理》· On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation · 投资

In the first passage we are told, that if every thing fell to half its value, from abundance, the society would be equally rich, because there would be double the quantity of commodities at half their former value, or in other words, there would be the same value. But in the last passage we are informed, that by doubling the quantity of commodities, although the value of each commodity should be diminished one half, and therefore the value of all the commodities together be precisely the same as before, yet the society would be twice as rich as before. In the first case riches are estimated by the amount of value: in the second, they are estimated by the abundance of commodities contributing to human enjoyments. M. Say further says, "that a man is infinitely rich without valuables, if he can for nothing obtain all the objects he desires;" yet in another place we are told, "that riches consist, not in the product itself, for it is not riches if it have not value, but in its value." Vol. ii. p. 2.

出处: https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33310
定位:Excerpt 308 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录

白话

萨伊前后矛盾:一处说若所有东西因丰裕而价值减半,社会同样富,因为商品数量翻倍、价值不变;另一处又说商品数量翻倍、每件价值减半,总价值不变,社会却富了一倍。前者用价值衡量财富,后者用商品丰裕程度衡量财富。他还说一个人若能免费得到想要的一切就无限富,可又说财富不在产品本身而在其价值。李嘉图指出这是混淆了“价值”和“财富”两个概念:价值是交换比例,财富是可供享受的物品数量。

上下文

李嘉图在书中逐段反驳萨伊《政治经济学概论》里关于财富与价值的定义。

今日一问

你衡量自己“富不富”时,看的是账户数字还是实际能享受的东西?

公版作品;原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg,仅摘录段落并附全书链接。

本文本为公版;底本与原文链接见上。 版权

← 返回原文库