政治经济学及赋税原理·摘录 336 · 大卫·李嘉图

It is the more necessary, to make this remark, as in the present day the authority of Adam Smith is quoted by country gentlemen for imposing similar high duties on the importation of foreign corn. Because the cost of production, and therefore the prices of various manufactured commodities, are raised to the consumer by one error in legislation, the country has been called upon, on the plea of justice, quietly to submit to fresh exactions. Because we all pay an additional price for our linen, muslin, and cottons, it is thought just that we should pay also an additional price for our corn. Because, in the general distribution of the labour of the world, we have prevented the greatest amount of productions from being obtained by that labour in manufactured commodities; we should further punish ourselves by diminishing the productive powers of the general labour in the supply of raw produce. It would be much wiser to acknowledge the errors which a mistaken policy has induced us to adopt, and immediately to commence a gradual recurrence to the sound principles of an universally free trade.

出处： https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33310
定位：Excerpt 336 · 核对日期：2026-10-19 · 核验：短摘录

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更有必要指出这一点：如今乡绅们引用亚当·斯密的权威，要对进口外国谷物征收同样高的关税。因为立法的一个错误抬高了各种制成品的生产成本和消费者价格，就有人以公平为名，要求国民默默承受新的勒索。因为我们为亚麻、细布和棉布多付了钱，就觉得我们也该为谷物多付钱；因为我们在世界分工中阻碍了制成品达到最大产量，就要进一步惩罚自己，削弱生产原产品的总劳动的生产力。更明智的做法是承认错误政策带来的失误，立即开始逐步回归普遍自由贸易的正确原则。

上下文

李嘉图批评英国《谷物法》支持者援引斯密为高关税辩护，主张转向自由贸易。

今日一问

你支持某项政策时，是因为它本身合理，还是因为“别人也这样”？

公版作品；原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg，仅摘录段落并附全书链接。

健康 · 龚廷贤《寿世保元》

\x祛风解毒湯\x 黄连（一錢）黄芩（一錢）连翘（一錢五分）赤芍（一錢）枳壳（麸炒一錢）大黄（酒蒸一錢五分）苦参（一錢五分）黄柏（一錢）槐花（一錢）上锉。水煎。空心服。爲末。水泛爲丸。用温水下。亦可。一論内經曰。二阴皆属肾。虽见症于大肠。實阴虚而火盛也。 \x祛毒养荣湯\x 当归（一錢）芍藥（二錢）生地黄（酒洗一錢）黄连（酒炒一錢五分）黄芩（一錢）黄柏（酒炒五分）知母（一錢）连翘（一錢）升麻（五分）荆芥（一錢）槐角（二錢）皂…

祛风解毒汤：黄连一钱、黄芩一钱、连翘一钱五分、赤芍一钱、枳壳麸炒一钱、大黄酒蒸一钱五分、苦参一钱五分、黄柏一钱、槐花一钱，锉水煎空心服；为末水泛为丸温水下亦可。内经曰二阴皆属肾，虽见症于大肠，实阴虚而火盛。祛毒养荣汤：当归一钱、芍药二钱、生地黄酒洗一钱、黄连酒炒一钱五分、黄芩一钱、黄柏酒炒五分、知母一钱、连翘一钱、升麻五分、荆芥一钱、槐角二钱、皂角子二钱、皂角刺二钱、天花粉二钱、黄芪一钱、人参一钱、甘草节一钱，锉一剂水煎空心热服，远酒色则全愈。千金不换刀圭散治痔漏百发百中。专治通肠痔漏。

事业 · 司馬光《资治通鉴》

突厥頡利可汗鬱鬱不得意，數與家人相對悲泣，容貌羸憊。上見而憐之，以虢州地多麋鹿，可以遊獵，乃以頡利為虢州刺史；頡利辭，不願往。癸未，復以為右衛大將軍。

突厥颉利可汗郁郁不得志，多次与家人相对悲泣，容貌瘦弱疲惫。太宗见到后怜悯他，因为虢州地方多麋鹿，可以游猎，就任命颉利为虢州刺史；颉利推辞，不愿前往。癸未日，又任命他为右卫大将军。

事业 · 安德鲁·卡内基《安德鲁·卡内基自传》

I said nothing, but upon my return to Pittsburgh I set about having a joke at his expense. We had then a young man in our service named Du Puy, whose father was known as the inventor of a direct process in iron-making…

卡内基听说朋友奇泽姆把轧钢屑当垃圾，就悄悄派手下杜普伊去对方厂里，以每吨五毛钱买下所有轧钢屑，直接运回。他等着对方发现这个玩笑，但奇泽姆早逝，没来得及告知；后来对方继任者反而学了他的做法。核心是：信息不对称就是利润，但玩笑要适度。做法是发现别人忽视的边角料价值，先小规模买断，再观察对方反应；同时别把恶作剧拖成遗憾。

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