投资 · 西方古典
大卫·李嘉图：政治经济学及赋税原理·摘录 59
大卫·李嘉图《政治经济学及赋税原理》· On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation · 投资
The reason then, why raw produce rises in comparative value, is because more labour is employed in the production of the last portion obtained, and not because a rent is paid to the landlord. The value of corn is regulated by the quantity of labour bestowed on its production on that quality of land, or with that portion of capital, which pays no rent. Corn is not high because a rent is paid, but a rent is paid because corn is high; and it has been justly observed, that no reduction would take place in the price of corn, although landlords should forego the whole of their rent. Such a measure would only enable some farmers to live like gentlemen, but would not diminish the quantity of labour necessary to raise raw produce on the least productive land in cultivation.
出处：
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33310
定位：Excerpt 59 · 核对日期：2026-10-19 · 核验：短摘录
白话
农产品相对价值上涨，是因为获得最后一单位产量所投入的劳动更多，而不是因为地主收了地租。谷物的价值由不付地租的那部分土地或资本上投入的劳动量决定。因果关系是：不是地租高导致粮价高，而是粮价高才产生地租。就算地主完全放弃地租，粮价也不会降，因为那只会让某些农场主过得更舒服，并不会减少在最差土地上生产粮食所需的劳动量。
上下文
李嘉图反驳“地租推高粮价”的流行看法，强调边际劳动决定价值，地租是结果。
今日一问
你抱怨的某项高价，真正推高它的是上游成本，还是中间环节的抽成？
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