投资 · 西方古典
托马斯·马尔萨斯：人口论·摘录 158
托马斯·马尔萨斯《人口论》· An Essay on the Principle of Population · 投资
The commerce of this country, internal as well as external, has certainly been rapidly advancing during the last century. The exchangeable value in the market of Europe of the annual produce of its land and labour has, without doubt, increased very considerably. But, upon examination, it will be found that the increase has been chiefly in the produce of labour and not in the produce of land, and therefore, though the wealth of the nation has been advancing with a quick pace, the effectual funds for the maintenance of labour have been increasing very slowly, and the result is such as might be expected. The increasing wealth of the nation has had little or no tendency to better the condition of the labouring poor. They have not, I believe, a greater command of the necessaries and conveniences of life, and a much greater proportion of them than at the period of the Revolution is employed in manufactures and crowded together in close and unwholesome rooms.
出处：
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/4239
定位：Excerpt 158 · 核对日期：2026-10-19 · 核验：短摘录
白话
英国商业一个世纪来快速发展，土地和劳动年产品的市场交换价值大增。但马尔萨斯指出，增长主要来自劳动产品而非土地产品。因此，国家财富虽快增，用于维持劳动的有效基金却增长很慢。结果是，财富增加几乎没有改善劳动穷人的境况；他们并未获得更多生活必需品和便利品，反而更多人被雇于制造业，挤在封闭不卫生的房间里。核心是：财富增长不等于穷人生活改善。
上下文
马尔萨斯分析英国光荣革命后经济增长的分配效应，指出财富增长与穷人福利脱节。
今日一问
今天的经济增长是否真正惠及了底层劳动者？
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