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托马斯·马尔萨斯:人口论·摘录 169

托马斯·马尔萨斯《人口论》· An Essay on the Principle of Population · 投资

From this comparison, it appears with how much truth great cities have been called the graves of mankind. It must also convince all who consider it, that according to the observation, at the end of the fourth essay, in the former volume, it is by no means strictly proper to consider our diseases as the original intention of nature. They are, without doubt, in general our own creation. Were there a country where the inhabitants led lives entirely natural and virtuous, few of them would die without measuring out the whole period of present existence allotted to them; pain and distemper would be unknown among them, and death would come upon them like a sleep, in consequence of no other cause than gradual and unavoidable decay.

出处: https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/4239
定位:Excerpt 169 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录

白话

马尔萨斯比较城乡死亡率后说,大城市确实像“人类的坟墓”。但他强调,疾病并非自然原本的设计,而多半是人自己造成的。如果有一个地方,人们完全按自然和道德的方式生活,大多数人就能活满自然寿命,不会受病痛折磨,死亡会像睡着一样,只是身体逐渐衰老的结果。换句话说,很多疾病和早死是社会环境、拥挤、不卫生和不良生活习惯的产物,不是天意。这个观点把改善卫生和生活方式的责任放回人自己身上。

上下文

马尔萨斯在《人口论》中引用城乡死亡率数据,反驳把疾病归咎于自然安排的观点。

今日一问

你所在的城市或社区,有哪些本可避免的健康风险,正被当作“正常”接受下来?

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