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托马斯·马尔萨斯:人口论·摘录 56

托马斯·马尔萨斯《人口论》· An Essay on the Principle of Population · 投资

Secondly, the quantity of provisions consumed in workhouses upon a part of the society that cannot in general be considered as the most valuable part diminishes the shares that would otherwise belong to more industrious and more worthy members, and thus in the same manner forces more to become dependent. If the poor in the workhouses were to live better than they now do, this new distribution of the money of the society would tend more conspicuously to depress the condition of those out of the workhouses by occasioning a rise in the price of provisions.

出处: https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/4239
定位:Excerpt 56 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录

白话

其次,济贫院里消耗的生活资料,来自社会上通常不被视为最有价值的那部分人,这减少了更勤劳、更有价值的人本应得到的份额,同样迫使更多人变得依赖。如果济贫院里的穷人过得比现在更好,这种社会货币的新分配会更明显地压低院外人的处境,因为它会导致食物价格上涨。换句话说,把资源集中给一部分人,即使出于善意,也可能通过价格机制伤害另一部分更努力的人。

上下文

马尔萨斯批评英国济贫院制度,认为它扭曲了资源分配并推高物价。

今日一问

一项善意的福利措施,是否可能通过价格机制伤害它本想帮助的人?

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