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弗雷德里克·巴斯夏:经济诡辩·摘录 17

弗雷德里克·巴斯夏《经济诡辩》· Economic Sophisms · 投资

In the same way, we might pass in review all other branches of industry, and we should always find that the producers, as such, have anti-social views. "The shopkeeper," says Montaigne, "thrives only by the irregularities of youth; the farmer by the high price of corn, the architect by the destruction of houses, the officers of justice by lawsuits and quarrels. Ministers of religion derive their distinction and employment from our vices and our death. No physician rejoices in the health of his friends, nor soldiers in the peace of their country; and so of the rest."

出处: https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/44145
定位:Excerpt 17 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录

白话

巴斯夏引用蒙田的话指出,生产者作为卖方时,往往希望别人倒霉:店主盼年轻人挥霍,农民盼粮价高,建筑师盼房子着火,法官盼官司多,牧师靠罪恶和死亡谋生,医生不希望朋友健康,军人不希望国家和平。这并非说人本性恶,而是揭示一个经济逻辑:卖方的收入来自需求,而需求常源于他人的困境。但巴斯夏提醒,不能因此仇视生产者,因为每个人既是卖方也是买方,社会靠分工合作。真正的出路是认清这种利益视角的局限,用交换和分工让所有人受益,而不是让某个群体靠制造稀缺获利。

上下文

巴斯夏是19世纪法国经济学家,《经济诡辩》以讽刺笔法批判贸易保护主义。此处引蒙田随笔,说明生产者利益与公众利益可能冲突。

今日一问

当你作为卖方或服务提供者时,是否也曾希望客户多出问题?如何用合作思维替代这种零和心态?

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