投资 · 西方古典
弗雷德里克·巴斯夏:经济诡辩·摘录 186
弗雷德里克·巴斯夏《经济诡辩》· Economic Sophisms · 投资
Does the farmer make his own clothes? Does the tailor produce the corn he consumes? Does your housekeeper continue to have your bread made at home, after she finds she can buy it cheaper from the baker? Do you resign the pen for the brush, to save your paying _tribute_ to the shoeblack? Does the entire economy of society not rest upon the separation of employments, the division of labour--in a word, upon _exchange?_ And what is exchange, but a calculation which we make with a view to discontinuing direct production in every case in which we find that possible, and in which indirect acquisition enables us to effect a saving in time and in effort?
出处:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/44145
定位:Excerpt 186 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录
白话
巴斯夏用一连串反问说明:农民不自己做衣服,裁缝不自己种粮食,主妇发现买面包更便宜就不再自家烤,你也不会为了省擦鞋钱而自己擦鞋。整个社会靠分工和交换运转。交换的本质是计算:只要间接获取比直接生产更省时省力,我们就选择交换。所以,保护主义要求国家自给自足,等于否定每个人每天都在做的理性选择。
上下文
这是巴斯夏对保护主义“自给自足”论调的讽刺,用日常例子说明分工交换的普遍性。
今日一问
你最近一次用购买代替自己动手,省下了什么?
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