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弗雷德里克·巴斯夏:经济诡辩·摘录 196

弗雷德里克·巴斯夏《经济诡辩》· Economic Sophisms · 投资

The father of the family has received but slender wages. His half-naked children shiver in the icy north wind; the fire is extinguished, and there is nothing on the table. There are wool, firewood, and corn on the other side of the mountain; but these good things are forbidden to the poor day-labourer, for the other side of the mountain is not in France. Foreign firewood is not allowed to warm the cottage hearth; and the shepherd's children can never know the taste of Biscayan corn,* and the wool of Navarre can never warm their benumbed limbs. General utility has so ordered it. Be it so; but let us agree that all this is in direct opposition to the first principles of justice. To dispose legislatively of the interests of consumers, and postpone them to the supposed interests of national industry, is to encroach upon their liberty--it is to prohibit an act; namely, the act of exchange, which has in it nothing contrary to good morals; in a word, it is to do them an act of _injustice_.

出处: https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/44145
定位:Excerpt 196 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录

白话

一个父亲工资微薄,孩子衣不蔽体在寒风中发抖,炉火熄灭,桌上空空。山那边有羊毛、柴火和玉米,但穷人被禁止获取,因为山那边不是法国。外国的柴火不许取暖,孩子尝不到比斯开湾的玉米,纳瓦拉的羊毛不能暖身。保护主义说这是为了普遍效用,但巴斯夏指出这直接违背正义原则:立法处置消费者利益、将其屈从于所谓国家产业利益,就是侵犯自由,禁止无害的交换行为,是对消费者的不公。

上下文

巴斯夏以法国边境地区为例,说明关税保护如何让穷人无法利用邻国廉价资源,批判保护主义的不人道。

今日一问

你愿意为保护本国产业而接受物价上涨吗?

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