投资 · 西方古典

弗雷德里克·巴斯夏:经济诡辩·摘录 69

弗雷德里克·巴斯夏《经济诡辩》· Economic Sophisms · 投资

To illustrate what I mean by an example: I suppose some Parisian speculators to devote themselves to the production of oranges. They know that the oranges of Portugal can be sold in Paris for a penny apiece, whilst they, on account of the frames and hot-houses which the colder climate would render necessary, could not sell them for less than a shilling as a remunerative price. They demand that Portuguese oranges should have a duty of elevenpence imposed upon them. By means of this duty, they say, the _conditions af production_ will be equalized; and the Chamber, giving effect, as it always does, to such reasoning, inserts in the tariff a duty of elevenpence upon every foreign orange.

出处: https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/44145
定位:Excerpt 69 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录

白话

巴斯夏举例:假设巴黎投机者想种橙子,但葡萄牙橙子在巴黎卖一便士一个,而巴黎因气候寒冷需用温室,成本要一先令才划算。他们便要求对葡萄牙橙子征十一便士的税,声称这样能“平等生产条件”。议会照例听信,把税写进关税表。这例子揭示保护主义的逻辑:用关税抹平成本差异,让低效的本地生产也能存活。但巴斯夏要说明,这并没有改变生产条件,只是改变了销售条件。

上下文

巴斯夏用橙子例子讽刺保护主义者以“平等生产条件”为借口征收关税。

今日一问

当本地产业成本高于国外时,我们该用关税保护,还是另寻出路?

公版作品;原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg,仅摘录段落并附全书链接。

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