有闲阶级论·摘录 123 · 托斯丹·凡勃伦

A further feature in which sports differ from the duel and similar disturbances of the peace is the peculiarity that they admit of other motives being assigned for them besides the impulses of exploit and ferocity. There is probably little if any other motive present in any given case, but the fact that other reasons for indulging in sports are frequently assigned goes to say that other grounds are sometimes present in a subsidiary way. Sportsmen--hunters and anglers--are more or less in the habit of assigning a love of nature, the need of recreation, and the like, as the incentives to their favorite pastime. These motives are no doubt frequently present and make up a part of the attractiveness of the sportsman's life; but these can not be the chief incentives. These ostensible needs could be more readily and fully satisfied without the accompaniment of a systematic effort to take the life of those creatures that make up an essential feature of that "nature" that is beloved by the sportsman. It is, indeed, the most noticeable effect of the sportsman's activity to keep nature in a state of chronic desolation by killing off all living thing whose destruction he can compass.

出处： https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/833
定位：Excerpt 123 · 核对日期：2026-10-19 · 核验：短摘录

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运动与决斗等扰乱和平的行为不同的另一个特点是，它们允许为运动指定除掠夺和凶悍冲动之外的其他动机。在任何特定情况下，可能几乎没有其他动机，但经常为沉迷运动指定其他理由这一事实表明，其他理由有时以辅助方式存在。猎人 and 钓鱼者或多或少习惯于将热爱自然、需要娱乐等作为他们喜爱的消遣的动机。这些动机无疑经常存在，并构成运动生活吸引力的一部分；但它们不可能是主要动机。这些表面需求可以更容易、更充分地得到满足，而无需伴随系统性地努力杀死那些构成运动者所爱的“自然”基本特征的生物。事实上，运动者活动最显著的效果是杀死所有他能毁灭的生物，使自然处于长期荒芜状态。

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凡勃伦质疑运动者常说的“热爱自然”“需要娱乐”等理由，认为这些只是次要动机。

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当你声称“亲近自然”时，是否掩盖了其他动机？

公版作品；原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg，仅摘录段落并附全书链接。

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