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托斯丹·凡勃伦:有闲阶级论·摘录 149

托斯丹·凡勃伦《有闲阶级论》· The Theory of the Leisure Class · 投资

Cap and gown have been adopted as learned insignia by many colleges of this section within the last few years; and it is safe to say that this could scarcely have occurred at a much earlier date, or until there had grown up a leisure-class sentiment of sufficient volume in the community to support a strong movement of reversion towards an archaic view as to the legitimate end of education. This particular item of learned ritual, it may be noted, would not only commend itself to the leisure-class sense of the fitness of things, as appealing to the archaic propensity for spectacular effect and the predilection for antique symbolism; but it at the same time fits into the leisure-class scheme of life as involving a notable element of conspicuous waste. The precise date at which the reversion to cap and gown took place, as well as the fact that it affected so large a number of schools at about the same time, seems to have been due in some measure to a wave of atavistic sense of conformity and reputability that passed over the community at that period.

出处: https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/833
定位:Excerpt 149 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录

白话

近些年,许多学院采用了学位服作为学术标志。这不太可能更早发生,除非社区里已经长出足够分量的有闲阶级情绪,支持一股向“教育古老目的”回归的潮流。这种学术仪式既迎合有闲阶级对“合宜”的感受——诉诸对壮观效果和古董符号的偏好,又符合有闲阶级生活方案,因为它包含明显的炫耀性浪费。采用学位服的精确时间,以及它同时影响大量学校,部分原因是当时社区刮起一阵“从众与体面”的返祖风潮。看仪式时,要分清它是实用需要还是身份表演。

上下文

凡勃伦《有闲阶级论》讨论学院采用学位服的现象,将其联系到有闲阶级趣味。

今日一问

你所在组织里的某个仪式,是功能需要,还是纯粹为了显得体面?

公版作品;原文逐字取自 Project Gutenberg,仅摘录段落并附全书链接。

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