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托斯丹·凡勃伦:有闲阶级论·摘录 154

托斯丹·凡勃伦《有闲阶级论》· The Theory of the Leisure Class · 投资

Science, in the sense of an articulate recognition of causal sequence in phenomena, whether physical or social, has been a feature of the Western culture only since the industrial process in the Western communities has come to be substantially a process of mechanical contrivances in which man's office is that of discrimination and valuation of material forces. Science has flourished somewhat in the same degree as the industrial life of the community has conformed to this pattern, and somewhat in the same degree as the industrial interest has dominated the community's life. And science, and scientific theory especially, has made headway in the several departments of human life and knowledge in proportion as each of these several departments has successively come into closer contact with the industrial process and the economic interest; or perhaps it is truer to say, in proportion as each of them has successively escaped from the dominance of the conceptions of personal relation or status, and of the derivative canons of anthropomorphic fitness and honorific worth.

出处: https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/833
定位:Excerpt 154 · 核对日期:2026-10-19 · 核验:短摘录

白话

凡勃伦认为,科学——即对因果关系的明确认识——是西方工业变成机械操作后才兴起的。工业越依赖机械,科学越繁荣;各领域越摆脱身份观念和拟人化标准,科学就越进步。换句话说,科学不是凭空产生的,它是工业生活的副产品。今天学科学,不能只背结论,要理解它背后的因果思维,并把它用到实际问题上。判断一个领域是否“科学化”,就看它是否摆脱了人身依附和荣誉标准。

上下文

凡勃伦讨论科学作为工业过程的副产品,强调因果思维与工业生活的关联。

今日一问

你所在领域是否还残留“看身份”而非“看因果”的旧习惯?

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